Historical Region
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s3
S2
S1
To Hell or to Here
Connacht
Ulster
Meath
Munster
Where Europe Kept Its Memory on Calfskin
Iceland
The Viking Lowland at the Top of the Map
Caithness
Sutherland
Ross & Crommarti
Aberdeen
The Dry, Bright Country of the Real Macbeth
Elginshire
The County That Cracked Down the Middle
Inverness
Stirling
Perth
Smoked Haddock and a Letter to the Pope
Kinkardine & Angus
A Beggar's Mantle Fringed with Gold
Fife
Old Volcanoes, New Ideas, and the Shore That Gave Scotland Its Tongue
Lothian
The Shire That Lost Its Town and Found Deep Time
Berwickshire
Tweedale
Utopia by the Waterfall, Coal Under the Orchards
Lanarkshire
Roxburgh
The Anvil at the Bottom of Scotland
Dumfriesshire
The Corner Scotland Never Quite Tamed
Galloway
The Corner That Missed the Domesday Book
Cumbria
Northumbria
Yorkshire
Lankashire
Rhwng Gwy a Hafren
The Kingdom That Wrote Its Name in Two Alphabets
Dyfed
Ystrad Tywi
Morgannwg
(Glamorgan)
Mercia
The Almost-Island That Buried a King in a Ship
East Anglia
Flat, Salty, and First in Line for Every Invasion
Essex
The Doorstep Where England Keeps Getting Invaded
Kent
Sussex
The County That Keeps England's First Drafts
Dorset
Somerset
Almost an Island, Never Quite England
Cornwall
Two Coasts, Two Moors, and Cream Before Jam
Devon
The Rainy Kingdom at the End of the Road
Galicia
The Kingdom That Started in a Cave
Asturias
Minho
A River Taught to Carry Wine
Douro
(Porto)
Trás-os-Montes
A Legion's Camp That Mistook Itself for a Lion
Leon
Where Portugal Keeps Its Granite and Its Grudges
Beira
Where Europe Runs Out of Land
Estremadura
The land that moves at the speed of cork
Alentejo
Where the ancient world came to watch the sun drown
Algarve
The Tenth Century's Capital of Everything
Córdoba
Seville
A Sea of Olives with a Castle on Every Wave
Jaén
The Pomegranate That Took Two and a Half Centuries to Fall
Granada
A Stage So Flat the Windmills Pass for Giants
La Mancha
Murcia
Valencia
The Poor, Proud Land That Toppled Two Empires
Extremadura
The Town That Hangs Its Houses Over a Gorge
Cuenca
Toledo
Heresy's High Balcony
Foix
Roussillon
The landlocked kingdom that ran a Mediterranean empire
Aragon
Wheat, wine, and the quiet capital of the Basques
Alava
Navarre
Soule
Périgord
Quercy
Rouergue
Nice
Provence
The Province Every Future King Had to Wear
Dauphiné
Vivarais
The Rainy Attic Where France Parked Its Generals and Raised Its Beef
Limousin
The Buffer Zone That Went Off and Built Paris
La Marche
Paper upstream, brandy downstream
Angoumois
Saintonge
The Pocket Province That Salted Europe's Fish
Aunis
Old Fire Under Green Grass
Auvergne
Two Rivers, Two Hills and a Very Serious Lunch
Lyonnais
The Chicken That Wears the Tricolor
Bresse
The Province That Preferred Its King Far Away
Franche-Comté
Bourgogne
The Water God Behind Half the Thrones of Europe
Bourbonnais
Nivernais
Poitou
Soumurois
Touraine
The Quiet Middle That Bankrolled Kings and Bred Witches
Berry
Orléanais
Beauce
Perche
Where Kings Were the Local Export Crop
Anjou
The Kingmakers' Country Between the Loire and the Sea
Maine
Pays Rennais
Saint-Malo
Seint-Brieuc
Vannetais
Trégor
Where the Sea Keeps a City and the Land Runs Out
Cornouaille
Calvaries, Cauliflowers and Onion Men on Bicycles
Léon
Pays de Bray
Pays de Caux
A Granite Fist Shaken at England
Cotentin
Picardy
Soft Center, Hard History
Brie
Where Kings Were Crowned and Bubbles Were a Defect
Champagne
Half in France, Half in the Empire, and Stubborn Throughout
Barrois
Eight Hundred Years of Being Ruled by a Bishop and Arguing With Him
Liège
Namur
The County That Mislaid an Emperor
Hainaut
The Province That Taught Water to Climb
Artois
Wool Money and the Habit of Revolt
Flanders
The Duchy That Made Its Dukes Sign First
Brabant
Utrecht
A Mountain in the Sea, Perfumed and Armed
Corsica
Sardinia
Crete
Sicily
The Toe That Stayed Greek for a Thousand Years
Calabria
Otrante
Where Christ Stopped, According to the Neighbors
Basilicata
The Sailors Who Stole Santa Claus
Bari
The Wheat Plain Where an Emperor Kept His Falcons
Capitanata
Molise
Where the Popes Went When Rome Became Unbearable
Lazio
Happy Land, Angry Mountain
Campania
The roof of the peninsula, where the wolves held on
Abruzzo
Sabina
Roma
Umbria
Marche
Tuscany
Romagna
Emilia
Piedmont
Ticino
Venetto
Italy's Engine Room, Kept Under a Blanket of Fog
Lombardy
Trentino
Where the Rhine Learns to Walk and the Car Was Once a Crime
Graubünden
Savoy
The Duchy Named for a City It Never Kept
Genevois
Vaud
Valais
Where French and German Split the Bill
Fribourg
Where Long Winters Turn into Watches
Jura
The Canton Switzerland Loves to Mock
Aargau
The Bear That Ran a Small Empire
Bern
The Lamp at the Top of the Lake That Kept the Old Faith
Lucerne
Uri
Schwyts
Where Democracy Still Raises Its Hand in the Rain
Glarus
Saint-Gall
Zürich
Thurgau
Two Rivers, a Double-Barred Cross, and a Border That Would Not Sit Still
Lorraine
Four changes of country without leaving the house
Alsace
The Kingmaker's Vineyard That Kept Getting Burned Down
Lower Palatinate
The Little Fortress That Bred Emperors and Then Pulled Down Its Own Walls
Luxemburg
Saarland
Two Provinces, One Borrowed Name, and a Castle That Belongs to Neither
Limburg
Where the River Slows Down and Starts Speaking Dutch
Lower Rhine
The Stubborn Duchy at the Frayed End of the Rhine
Gelderland
Proudly the Back Corner of the Netherlands
Achterhoek
Voralberg
Tyrol
The Sunny Corner That Reinvented the Wheel, Twice
Baden
Würtemberg
Upper Palatinate
The Land Bavaria Swallowed but Never Digested
Franconia
Thuringia
Rented Regiments and the Woods Where Fairy Tales Come From
Hesse
Westphalia
Twente
Overstricht
Nothing Ever Happens Here, Except Prehistory
Drenthe
Ommelanden
(Groningen)
The Coast That Refused Both Lords and the Sea
Frisia
The Bog That Ate Centuries and Spat Out Cruise Ships
Emsland
A Duchy That Retired Into Fine Print and Fairy Tales
Angria
A Republic with a Spare Head in the Cellar
Bremen
Forever Undivided, Frequently Partitioned
Holstein
Schleswig
The Garden Where Fairy Tales Learned to Walk
Funen
A Sugar Bowl Behind a Very Long Dike
Lolland
Zealand
The Island That Buried Its Silver and Built Ninety Steeples
Gotland
Viken
A Whole Country Folded into a Pocket
Dalsland
Bohuslän
West Götaland
A Beach Worth Several Wars
Halland
Skania
Blekinge
Småland
The Flatland That Kept Deciding Sweden
East Götaland
Närke
Södermanland
Uppland
Västmanland
Värmland
Southern Norway
The Gentle Side of a Vertical Country
Eastern Norway
Trøndelag
The North's Front Door, Woven from Steel and Straw
Gästrikland
The Peasants Who Built Themselves Palaces
Hälsingland
Where Sweden Goes to Feel Like Sweden
Dalarna
Sweden's Empty Upstairs
Härjedalen
Medelpad
Where the ground remembers the weight of the ice
Ångermanland
Norrbotten
The Coast That Paid Its Taxes in Cod
Hålogaland
Sápmi
Granite, Reindeer and Reactors at the Top of the Map
Kola
Upper Saxony
Black Earth, Grey Cathedral, and a Law That Conquered the East
Magdeburg
Mecklenburg
The Lion's Share of Old Saxony
Eastfalia
West Pomerania
Puddle Country, Where the Easter Riders Still Speak Slavic
Lusatia
Meissen
Ostrobothia
The Pomeranians Who Refused to Disappear
Kashubia
The Down Payment on a Crusader State
Chełmno
Medieval Europe's Favorite Security Deposit
Dobrzyń
The Cradle That Doubles as a Salt Cellar
Kuyavia
The Nest Where the White Eagle Hatched
Greater Poland
A Devil in the Cellar and a Parliament on the Meadow
Łęczyca
Wieluń
Sieradz
Silezia
Bohemia
Upper Austria
Rome's Old Gate to the East, Kept by Farmers
Friuli
Salzburg
The Duchy Where Peasants Crowned the Duke
Carinthia
Where the Ground Is Hollow and the Dragons Are Pale
Carniola
Styria
The Four Quarters Wrapped Around a Capital That Moved Out
Lower Austria
Prešporok
Záhorie
Moravia
The Volcano That Paid for Empires
Hont
Nitra
Považie
Steep, Poor, Stubborn, and Zigzagging Uphill
Kysuce
Tunec
Orava
Two Tatras, a Drowned Valley, and a Great Deal of Sheep Cheese
Liptov
Podpolanie
Novohrad
Iron Underfoot, Angels Overhead
Gemer
Tatry
Zamagurle
Spiš
Where Upper Hungary Kept Its Rebels and Its Gold
Košice
The Well-Watered Anteroom Between Vienna and Budapest
Kisalföld
Podunajsko
Transdunabian Mtn
Pest
Mezőföld
Figs on the Hillside, a Minaret on the Square
Baranya
Glaž
Slavonia
Where Rivers Vanish Underground and People Refuse To
Lika
Bosanska Krajina
The Coast That Outlived Everyone Who Bought It
Dalmatia
Tropolje
Usora
Soli
The Valley That Named Everything Around It
Bosna
A Duke's Title Carved into Sunburnt Karst
Herzegovina
Pomoravije
Šumadija
Stary Vlah
Raška
Montenegro
The Highlands Where a Promise Outranks the State
Gegëria
Where the Law Is Older Than the Stat
Malësia
Where the Law Lived in Memory, Not Marble
Dukagjini
Three Seas, Two Alphabets and One Very Long Memory
Kosovo
Rasina
Nishava
Pirot
Toplica
Poplars, Peppers, and an Emperor's Vanity Project
Jablanica
Pčinja
A Homeland With Three Passports and One Very Famous Son
Macedonia
Where Even the Songs Are Sung by Committee
Labëria
The Wild West of Ancient Greece
Acarnania
Raw meat, javelins, and an early draft of the federal state
Aetolia
Where Winning Got Its Warning Label
Epirus
Thessaly
Phocis
The Island That Taught Rome Its Alphabet
Euboea
Thin Soil, Sharp Tongues
Attica
Boeotia
Megaris
The Toll Booth Between Two Seas
Corinthia
The Region That Named the Greeks
Achaea
The Farm County That Refereed the Ancient World
Elis
Old gold, cursed kings, and a theater that still works
Argolis
Paradise on paper, hard country underfoot
Arcadia
Massenia
The Valley That Taught the World to Say Less
Laconia
The Island Everyone Conquered on the Way to Somewhere Else
Cyprus
Thrace
Troad
Where Greek Colonists Argued About Wine and Left Ruins Everywhere
Aeolis
The Shore Where Somebody First Asked Why
Ionia
Mysia
The Kingdom That Wrote Rome Into Its Will
Bithynia
Phrygia
The Country That Invented Money and Then Lost Everything
Lydia
Sea Queens and the Original Mausoleum
Caria
Tombs With a Sea View and a Constitution Worth Stealing
Lycia
Pisidia
Bandit Country with a Throne in the Attic
Isauria
The Dry Table Where the Poets Learned to Spin
Lycaonia
Pirates, Saints, and a Kingdom in the Wrong Place
Cilicia
The Country That Solved Its Problems by Digging
Cappadocia
The Gauls Who Never Went Home
Galatia
Paphlagonia
Pontus
A Pocket Republic of Fast Talk and Three-Part Song
Guria
Mingrelia
Svaneti
Racha
The Last Stop of the Argo
Imereti
The Province That Became a Country's Surname
Kartli
The Kingdom That Outlasted Everyone Who Tried to Own It
Arran
Shivran
A Country of Cellars With Some Mountains Attached
Kakheti
A Talent for Refusal
Chechnya
The Mountain of Tongues Behind the Gate of Gates
Dagestan
Prayer Wheels, Saiga and a Chessboard in the Steppe
Kalmykia
Two Peoples, One Mountain and the Tallest Roof in Europe
Kabardino-Balkaria
Savonia
Tavastia
The Country That Sang Itself into Existence
Finland
Uusimaa
The Island That Rose from the Sea and Learned to Deadpan
Hiiumaa
Saaremaa
The Pocket Duchy That Went to Sea
Courland
Samogitia
A Grand Duchy Long Before It Was Small
Lithuania Proper
Blue Lakes, Rosaries and a Different Way to Spell Yourself
Latgale
Named for a Vanishing People, Governed by Everyone Else
Livonia
The Land That Sang Its Way Out of Empires
Estonia
Pskov
The Marsh That Had a Capital Dropped on It
Ingria
Pomorye
Poshekhonye
The Pale Lake at the Back of Russia's Mind
Byelozorie
Tver
The Lake Town That Tried to Out-Moscow Moscow
Galich
Merovia
Zavolochye
Vychegda Perm
The Taiga That Banked Persia's Silver
Greater Perm
Vyatka
Marimland
Volga Bulgaria
Meshchera
Mordva
Ryazan
Nizovskye
(Ponisovie)
Muskovy
Verkhovya
Smolensk
Vitebsk
Polotsk
Minsk
Navahrudak
Dzūkija
Sudovia
Warmia
Podlachia
Mazuria
Mazovia
Oltenia
Timok
Where Rome Kept a City and Serbia Keeps the Lights On
Braničevo
Where the Eurasian steppe finally runs out of road
Alföld
North Hungarian Mtn
An Ark of Reeds Between Two Slow Rivers
Bodrogköz
The County That Got Erased From the Map and Kept Living Anyway
Šariš
The Wine-Soaked Borderland Where Empires Kept Changing Their Minds
Zemplin
The Valley Where Wood Still Outranks Stone
Maramures
Ten Thousand Soldiers, Paid in Towns
Hajdúság
Székely
(Székelyföld)
The Plain Below the Mountains That Everyone on Horseback Had to Cross
Wallachia
Where the Danube Changes Its Mind
Dobruja
The Steppe Corner Where Everyone's Minority Lives Next to Everyone Else's
Budjak
The Territory Between Rivers That Every Empire Passed Through and Nobody Could Agree to Leave
Bessarabia
The Wedge Between Mountains and Plains That Nobody Planned to Make Remarkable
Pokuttia
The Little Vienna That Forgot It Was in the Carpathians
Bukovyna
The Steppe That Grew a City It Didn't Deserve and the City That Never Looked Back
Yedisan
The Peninsula That History Keeps Returning To Whether It's Welcome or Not
Crimea
The Sea That Everyone Passed Through and Nobody Quite Owned
Pryazovia
The Land That Coal Built, Politics Broke, and Everyone Claims to Understand
Donnechyna
The Land That Built Itself From Scratch, Twice
Sloboda Ukraine
The Rapids That Made History and the Dam That Drowned Them
Zaporizhzhia
The Land That Everyone Wanted and No One Could Hold
Volynia
The Plateau That Stood Between Everyone and Everyone Else
Podolia
The Land at the Edge of Everything That Happened Next
Siveria
(Starodubshchyna)
The River That Built a Civilization and Kept the Receipt
Naddniprianshchyna
(Dniepr Ukraine)
Where Empires Go to Argue and Leave Their Furniture Behind
Halychyna
The Steppe That Fed Empires and Asked Nothing in Return
Tavryda
The Principality That Outlasted Everyone Who Tried to Absorb It
Moldova
Partium
Half a Dozen Countries Without Leaving Home
Carpathian Ruthenia
Europe Assembled by Decree
Banat
Salt, Kings and a Trumpet That Stops Mid-Note
Lesser Poland
The Primeval Heart of Eastern Europe
Polissia
Prussia
Novgorod
The Singing Forest Between Two Alphabets
Karelia
Catherine's Gift, with Steppe, Sea and Cossacks Included
Kuban
The Country That Lives Mostly in Exile
Circassia
The Mountain Kingdom That Outlived Its Own Map
Greater Armenia
Where Iran Keeps Its Crown Princes and Its Revolutions
Iranian Azerbaijan
The Highlands Rome Kept on Its Side of the River
Armenia Minor
Toskëria
Remnants of the Remnants
Central Croatia
Transdanubia
Neumark
How to Build a Kingdom Out of Sand
Brandenburg
Västerbotten
Bog Bodies, Birth Certificates and a Wind That Never Clocks Off
Jutland
Oldenburg
The Kingdom That Never Quite Agreed to Be German
Bavaria
Rhineland
The Waterlogged County That Out-Traded Every Empire in Sight
Holland
Normandy
Vexin
The Country That Says Yes Differently
Languedoc
The Province That Preferred Its Customers to Its King
Guyenne
(Aquitaine)
The Province That Bragged Its Way into the Dictionary
Gascony
The Little Country That Exported Kings
Béarn
Nine Months of Winter, Three Months of Empire
Castile
The Factory That Insists It Is a Country
Catalonia
Wessex
Where the Sky Does Most of the Work
Lincolnshire
The Land That Sank When They Dried It
Fens
First Stop for Every Invader, Last to Change Its Mind
Gwent
Powys
The Province That Opened the Door and Never Got It Shut Again
Leinster
Three Rivers and a Zero Meridian
Crișana
Transylvania
Vojvodina
Hexameters and Heresy on the Wrong Side of the Border
Lithuania Minor
Horse Milk, Wild Honey, and the Last Ridge of Europe
Bashkiria
Semigallia
The Hot Floor Between Two Mountain Walls
Kur-Aras
A Garden of Fortresses Where Every Stone Has Two Names
Karabakh
Twelve Islands, Give or Take an Empire
Dodecanese
A Ring of Marble Around a Holy Vacancy
Cyclades
Venice's Back Porch, Britain's Cricket Pitch
Ionian Islands
Šopluk
Moesia
Sandžak
Podrinje
Syrmia
The Gulf That Changed Flags Like Shirts
Kvarner
Tekov
Trieste
The Coast Everyone Wanted and Nobody Could Keep
East Pomerania
Tiny Courts, Enormous Hobbies
Anhalt
Troms
Farmers' Republic, Lake Monster Included
Jämtland
Møre
Western Norway
Rogaland
Öland
Six thousand islands, no soldiers, and their own stamps
Åland
Mon
The Gentle End of Denmark
Falster
Stedingen
Swabia
Where a raised hand is a ballot and a sword counts as ID
Appenzell
The City That Fired the Bishop but Kept His Crook
Basel
Solothurn
Neuchatel
The Crescent That Faced the Sea and Kept Its Receipts
Liguria
A Fortress That Speaks Arabic and Prays in Latin
Malta
Zeeland
The Island That Grew a Kingdom
Île-de-France
Pays Nantais
Seven Popes and a Very Long Lease
Comtat Venaissin
The Leftover Kingdom That Gave France Its Favorite King
Lower Navarre
The Coast That Taught Europe to Surf and France to Eat Chocolate
Labourd
From Stone Slingers to Superclubs
Balearic Islands
The Kingdom That Dissolved Into Hedgerows
Ergyng
The Green Desert With a Drowned Kingdom Offshore
Ceredigion
(Cardiganshire)
A Kingdom Held Together by Lawbooks and In-Laws
Deheubarth
A Fortress Made of Weather
Gwynedd
Where the druids made their last stand
Anglesey
The Kingdom That Slept on a Lake
Brycheiniog
The seaboard where Scotland was invented
Argyll
Old Rock and Older Weather at the Atlantic's Front Door
Hebrides
The County of Seven Stills and a Secret Seminary
Banffshire
Orkney
Shetland
Where the Weather Is the Government
Faroe